Effective Resumes
Overview
Simply stated, a resume is a marketing tool designed for the ultimate purpose of winning an interview. An effective resume is part sales brochure and part list-of-facts. An effective resume should also concisely describe your achievements and be compelling in a way that leads the reader to feel both positive and interested to continue reading.
As a general rule, simple is best. A clean, easy to understand layout will help ensure it gets read fully and not simply scanned and added to the bottom of the pile. With that in mind, fancy designs or fonts, wordy descriptions, or unconventional layouts may not help win an interview. In fact, in some cases being “overly fancy” might even have a negative effect.
Before you actually start the resume writing process, get yourself organized and consider the following:
- Who is your audience and why do they ask for a resume?
- What are you trying to achieve?
- Why are you writing a resume and what will it be used for?
- What do these people really need to know about you?
It is a definitely a good idea to consider your audience. Taking some time to see things from an employer’s perspective will help you decide what best to include in your final draft.
Why do employers ask for a resume?
To decide on which candidates to meet in an efficient manner that saves time.
Companies ask for resumes to facilitate the process of comparing and contrasting various candidates based on experience, skills, and abilities. A hiring manager will likely have dozens of resumes to review and will ultimately decide on which candidates to meet from a process of merely scanning these resumes. A clear, concise resume will assist the hiring manager in this process and, if the job description is a good match for you, give you a much better chance at making a positive impact from the beginning. In short, your resume needs to attract attention and efficiently deliver the relevant information to get you that first interview.
To build a framework for the interview.
Resumes are not just a tool that employers use to decide if they want to meet you but they also accelerate the process of building a framework for the interview. Effective resumes help potential employers get through a lot of the more general questions and focus more on the specifics about you, your skills, and experience relevant to the position. In turn, it will give you more time to demonstrate your skills and achievements, and decide if the company and position are right for you.
To help the employer’s team formulate a collective opinion throughout the hiring process.
The hiring process will likely involve more than one interview and a group of interviewers. In fact, the entire process will likely involve groups of decision makers interviewing in multiple stages. Decision makers will need to be briefed on you before an interview and your resume will be used as the point of reference. As well, your resume will be used again for review in the final decision making process. So you can see, having a clear and concise resume will assist the employer’s team throughout this process and will definitely work in your favor.
Resume Writing
Contact Details
Obviously one of the pieces of information that needs to stand out is your contact details – name, address, phone number and email address. Your resume should begin with all these relevant pieces of informtation centered at the top where employers can find them very easily. Having your name in bold and one font size larger than your address and other information is recommended.
Objective (optional)
Adding your career objectives near the top of your resume is optional depending on your approach. On the plus side, it will help employers identify your objectives quickly – the down side is that it might limit your appeal for some positions if your goals are in some way not suitable or too specific.
Other Information
Including other information you might want to highlight is optional and can go at the top or at the end of the document.
- For examples:
- Club Memberships or societies
- Leisure activities and hobbies
- Contacts and networks
- Any other relavant successes and achievements
Work Experience
Work Experience can be placed either before or after Education, depending on its relevance, (students may want to have Education up front as that might be one of their strengths).
Clearly state your work experience in a bulleted format using clear and simple sentences as below:
- Companies’ name
- location
- your position
- job title
- dates
- responsibilities
- skills utilized and any accomplishments
It is a good idea to include any awards or citations you have received.
New graduates, who have no work experience, should include any other experiences that illustrate skills and abilities such as projects, internships or volunteer activities.
Education
Formal education that you have either completed or you are currently doing should be included in the education section of your resume. Education can be placed either before or after your experience.
Schools and institutions should be listed with educational details as below:
- name and location
- major/subject
- dates and any other relevant information that will serve to highlight experiences and successes
Experience and Skills Summary
Your skill sets are as important as your work or education in that they illustrate what makes you special. Your skills section should include:
- Computer skills
- Technical abilities
- Language abilities
- Job skill summary
- Any other relevant and specialized skills
You might want to include your level of ability (beginner, intermediate, advanced, etc.) in each skill set.
References
You have 2 choices when it comes to references at the end of your resume – provide a list of references at the bottom of the resume or write “References can be supplied upon request”. In both cases, it is best to include one personal and one work related reference that you have known for a minimum of 2 years and list their title, position, 6 contact information – telephone, address and email etc.
Obviously, you want to make sure you only include references from referees who have both agreed and are aware they might be contacted.